caesar_cipher.cpp File Reference

Implementation of Caesar cipher algorithm. More...

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cassert>

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Namespaces
namespace	ciphers
	Algorithms for encryption and decryption.
namespace	caesar
	Functions for Caesar cipher algorithm.

Functions
std::string	ciphers::caesar::encrypt (const std::string &text, const int &shift)
std::string	ciphers::caesar::decrypt (const std::string &text, const int &shift)
void	test ()
int	main ()

Detailed Description

Implementation of Caesar cipher algorithm.

In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a left shift of 3, D would be replaced by A, E would become B, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence.

Algorithm

The encryption can also be represented using modular arithmetic by first transforming the letters into numbers, according to the scheme, A → 0, B → 1, ..., Z → 25. Encryption of a letter x by a shift n can be described mathematically as,

\[ E(x) = (x + n)\;\mbox{mod}\; 26\]

while decryption can be described as,

\[ D(x) = (x - n) \;\mbox{mod}\; 26\]

Note

This program implements caesar cipher for only uppercase English alphabet characters (i.e. A-Z).

Author

Deep Raval

Function Documentation

decrypt()

std::string ciphers::caesar::decrypt	(	const std::string &	text,
		const int &	shift )

Decrypt given text using caesar cipher.

Parameters

text	text to be decrypted
shift	number of shifts to be applied

Returns

new decrypted text

                                                                    {
            std::string decrypted_text = ""; // Empty string to store decrypted text
            for (char c : text) { // Going through each character
                int place_value = get_value(c); // Getting value of character (i.e. 0-25)
                place_value = (place_value - shift) % 26;// Applying decryption formula
                if(place_value < 0) { // Handling case where remainder is negative 
                    place_value = place_value + 26;
                }
                char new_char = get_char(place_value); // Getting original character from decrypted value (i.e. A-Z)
                decrypted_text += new_char; // Appending decrypted character
            }
            return decrypted_text; // Returning decrypted text
        }

encrypt()

std::string ciphers::caesar::encrypt	(	const std::string &	text,
		const int &	shift )

Encrypt given text using caesar cipher.

Parameters

text	text to be encrypted
shift	number of shifts to be applied

Returns

new encrypted text

                                                                    {
            std::string encrypted_text = ""; // Empty string to store encrypted text
            for (char c : text) { // Going through each character
                int place_value = get_value(c); // Getting value of character (i.e. 0-25)
                place_value = (place_value + shift) % 26; // Applying encryption formula
                char new_char = get_char(place_value); // Getting new character from new value (i.e. A-Z)
                encrypted_text += new_char; // Appending encrypted character
            }
            return encrypted_text; // Returning encrypted text
        }

main()

int main

(

void

)

Driver Code

           {
    // Testing
    test();
    return 0;
}

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test()

void test

(

)

Function to test above algorithm

            {
    // Test 1
    std::string text1 = "ALANTURING";
    std::string encrypted1 = ciphers::caesar::encrypt(text1, 17);
    std::string decrypted1 = ciphers::caesar::decrypt(encrypted1, 17);
    assert(text1 == decrypted1);
    std::cout << "Original text : " << text1;
    std::cout << " , Encrypted text (with shift = 21) : " << encrypted1;
    std::cout << " , Decrypted text : "<< decrypted1 << std::endl;
    // Test 2
    std::string text2 = "HELLOWORLD";
    std::string encrypted2 = ciphers::caesar::encrypt(text2, 1729);
    std::string decrypted2 = ciphers::caesar::decrypt(encrypted2, 1729);
    assert(text2 == decrypted2);
    std::cout << "Original text : " << text2;
    std::cout << " , Encrypted text (with shift = 1729) : " << encrypted2;
    std::cout << " , Decrypted text : "<< decrypted2 << std::endl;
}

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