physics.photoelectric_effect

The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation , such as light, hits a material. Electrons emitted in this manner are called photoelectrons.

In 1905, Einstein proposed a theory of the photoelectric effect using a concept that light consists of tiny packets of energy known as photons or light quanta. Each packet carries energy hv that is proportional to the frequency v of the corresponding electromagnetic wave. The proportionality constant h has become known as the Planck constant. In the range of kinetic energies of the electrons that are removed from their varying atomic bindings by the absorption of a photon of energy hv, the highest kinetic energy K_max is :

K_max = hv-W

Here, W is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the material. It is called the work function of the surface

Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect

Attributes

PLANCK_CONSTANT_EVS

PLANCK_CONSTANT_JS

Functions

maximum_kinetic_energy(→ float)

Calculates the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electron from the surface.

Module Contents

physics.photoelectric_effect.maximum_kinetic_energy(frequency: float, work_function: float, in_ev: bool = False) → float

Calculates the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electron from the surface. if the maximum kinetic energy is zero then no electron will be emitted or given electromagnetic wave frequency is small.

frequency (float): Frequency of electromagnetic wave. work_function (float): Work function of the surface. in_ev (optional)(bool): Pass True if values are in eV.

Usage example: >>> maximum_kinetic_energy(1000000,2) 0 >>> maximum_kinetic_energy(1000000,2,True) 0 >>> maximum_kinetic_energy(10000000000000000,2,True) 39.357000000000006 >>> maximum_kinetic_energy(-9,20) Traceback (most recent call last):

…

ValueError: Frequency can’t be negative.

>>> maximum_kinetic_energy(1000,"a")
Traceback (most recent call last):
    ...
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'float' and 'str'
physics.photoelectric_effect.PLANCK_CONSTANT_EVS
physics.photoelectric_effect.PLANCK_CONSTANT_JS