set_kth_bit.cpp

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#include <cassert>   
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>  

namespace bit_manipulation {
namespace set_kth_bit {
std::uint64_t setKthBit(std ::int64_t N,
                        std ::int64_t k) {  // int64_t is preferred over int so
                                            // that no Overflow can be there.
 
    int pos =
        1 << k;  // "pos" variable is used to store 1 at kth postion and
                 // rest bits are 0. in binary representation of number 'n'
 
    return N | pos;  // by taking or with the pos and the N we set the bit of N
                     // at kth position.
}
}  // namespace set_kth_bit
}  // namespace bit_manipulation

static void test() {
    // n = 10,2 return 14
    assert(bit_manipulation::set_kth_bit::setKthBit(10, 2) == 14);
    // n = 25,1 return 27
    assert(bit_manipulation::set_kth_bit::setKthBit(25, 1) == 27);
    // n = 400001,5 return 400033
    assert(bit_manipulation::set_kth_bit::setKthBit(400001, 5) == 400033);
    // n = 123 return 123
    assert(bit_manipulation::set_kth_bit::setKthBit(123, 3) == 123);
 
    std::cout << "All test cases successfully passed!" << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    test();  // run self-test implementations
    return 0;
}